Velvet or tapestry weaving



y 17, 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,754,850

VELVET 0R TAPESTRY' WEAVING Filed June 12, 1950 18 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR F/vA/vz ma/lossswmm July 17, 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 18 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORNEYS y 7, 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,754,850

VELVET OR TAPESTRY WEAVING Filed June 12, 1950 18 Sheets-Sheet 3 VENTOR FRANZ I445. HoEsELBARTH July 17, 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,754,850

VELVET OR TAPESTRY WEAVING Filed June 12, 1950 18 Sheets-Sheet 4 y 7, 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,754,850

VELVET OR TAPESTRY WEAVING June 12. 1950 Filed 18 Sheets-Sheet 5 NVENTOR fmn/z W5. l/0E5ELBARTH July 17, 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,754,850

VELVET OR TAPESTRY WEAVING 18 Sheets-Sheet 6 June 12, 1950 Filed IN VENTOR fkawz M5. A QEJEL 54/2 77/ BY =AQ, kl g ATTORNEYS July 17, 1956 F. w. E. HOE'SELBARTH 2,754,850

VELVET OR TAPESTRY WEAVING Filed June 12, 1950 18 Sheets-Sheet '7 ijiil ia @214 m2 HMMZ .M 5% /9 /97 I Q 4 6 4 4 4 2 IN VENTOR July 17, 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH ,754,

VELVET OR TAPESTRY WEAVING 18 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed June 12, 1950 July 17, 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,754,850

VELVET OR TAPESTRY WEAVING Filed June 12. 1 5C 18 Sheets-Sheet 9 T H READ IN /0/ Q Q Q Nol l0! 0 0 0 0 No.6

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VELVET OR TAPESTRY WEAVING 18 Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed June 12, 1950 INVENTOR F/vwz wglloeizLamrr-H ATTORNEYS y 17, 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,754,850

VELVET OR TAPESTRY WEAVING 18 Sheets-Sheet 11 Filed June 12, 1950 INVENTOR FK/wz WE. flasssLaAk r ATTORNEYS July 17, 1956 E. HOESELBARTH VELVET OR 'I'APESTRY WEAVING 18 Sheets-Sheet 12 Filed June 12, 1950 R ma ms WM Q W IN. Z m:. F

F.-W. E. HOESELBARTH 2,754,850

VELVET OR TAPESTRY WEAVING July 17, 1956 18 Sheets-Sheet 13 Filed June 12. 1950 l N VENTO R Em/vz M5 #055: M/Pn July 17, 1956 Filed June 12, 1950 18 Sheets-Sheet l4 240 I g; 2 Pdciifs/ 3 PL cits Pr a'or Art /.39

Pra'ar Art INVENTOR G Fmvz wtifloesewamw y 7, 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,754,850

VELVET OR TAPESTRY WEAVING Filed June 12. 1950 18 Sheets-Sheet 15 INVENTOR fiM vz NE. #05554 BAR r/-/ y 7, 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,75

VELVET 0R TAPESTRY WEAViNG Filed June 12. 1950 18 Sheets-Sheet l7 July 17, 1956 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,754,850

VELVET OR TAPESTRY WEAVING Filed June 12. 1950 18 Sheets-Sheet 18 my I INVENTOR v Fvwz M45 floeseLa/m 7w ilnited States Patent-"( Masland & Sons, sylvania Application June 12, 1950, Serial No. 167,534 16 Claims. 01. 139-439 Carlisle, Pa., assignor to C. H. 'Carlisle, Pa., a corporation of Penn- The present invention relates to patterned pile carpet produced on a velvet or tapestry loom.

This application has been divided and the fabric subject matter originally contained herein is now contained in U. S. application 255,991, filed November 13, 1951 for Velvet or Tapestry Carpe.

A purpose of the invention is to make patterned pile carpet on a velvet loom using a plurality of pile warps, stuifer warps, binder warps and wefts, without employing a jacquard or other selective pattern device.

A further purpose is to weave a plurality of different kinds of velvet carpet in admixture to produce various pattern efiects in the same fabric, for example an and uncut, wavy and straight, high and low, plain twist and frieze.

A further purpose is to obtain a clean even back of a patterned velvet carpet without any evidence of the pile yarn on the back.

v2' a velvet weave-from: a' raised position above the top of the shed, suitably over a guide or raised jumbo.

A further purpose is to manipulate pile warps by pil'e warp heddles and to manipulate the stulfer warp by the same heddles, desirably employing long slots in the pile warp heddles to manipulate the stutter warps.

A further purpose is to make eyes and-long slots below the eyes in the pile warp heddles.

Further purposes appear in the specification and in the claims.

In the drawings I have chosen to illustrate a few only of the numerous embodiments in which my invention may appear, selecting the forms shown from the standpoints of convenience in illustration, satisfactory operation and clear demonstration of the principles involved.

Figures 1 to 4 inclusive are weave diagrams of a complete loom cycle, each view showing a different pick in the preferred Weave of the invention, the warps extending in the plane of the paper,'

Figure 3a isja diagrammatic enlargement of the newly formed fabric ,of Figure 3, at the extreme right end of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a diagram corresponding to Figure 1 and showing a variation.

A further purpose is to lower the cost of producing patterned pile carpet by keeping all of the pile at the face of the fabric, avoiding excess pile in or carried through the back as in jacquard weaves such as Wilton,

and in W weaves and according to U. S. Patent 'No'.

2,073,227. A further purpose is to accelerate the process of weaving patterned pile carpet. i

A further purpose is to raise a plurality of velvet ca'r pet pile warps over different types of wires such as eutting and non-cutting, wavy andstraig'ht, high and low, and wide and narrow. A further purpose is to employ diife'rent characters of yarn in respect to materials, construction or color" in .difi'erent velvet carpet pile warp A further purpose is to obtain stiffer fabric by employing several stuifer warp ends at'a single dent or longitudinal line in a patterned velvet weave.

A further purpose is to obtain a plurality of pile warps from a single beam. I A further purpose is to obtain desirable pattern or similar etfects in a velvet carpet weave by employing unequal distribution of pile warp ends in a pile warp and desirably in a plurality of pile warps, for example, leaving ends-out at certain dents, employing a plurality of pile warp ends at certain dents and employing ditferent numbers of pile warp ends at diiferent dents.' v A further purpose is to utilize a cooperative pattern thread-in arrangement between two or more pile warps in a velvet carpet weave, for example leaving ends-out at a particular dent in both pile warps, employing a plurality of ends at a particular dent in both pile warps, leaving ends-out at a particular dent in one pile warp :and employing an end-in or a plurality of ends-in at the corresponding dent of the other pile warp, and inter-re lating the situation regarding ends-in and ends-out in adjoining dents of each or all of the pile warps in accordance with a pattern which will produce a desirable eifect on the pile. I

A further purpose is ,to distributethe stutfer warp in Figure-6 is a loom thread-in diagram of the Weave of Figures 1 .to 5 inclusive, illustrating only the warps and heddles.

Figure 7 is a modified loom lar toFigure 6,

Figures 8 to 12 inclusive are fragmentary perspectives of repeats of various 'wire sets used in producing the weaves of Figures 8a to 12: inclusive, each wire set being placed besidethe corresponding weave to indicate the relationship. It will be understood that the complete wireset of the loom'isa repetition of the wire set repeat shown-in Figures 38-10 '12, up to the total number of wires used. 1

Figures 8a to 12a are conventional weave diagrams with the warps in the plane of the paper, and transverse to the wires and-wefts, showing various weaves prior to withdrawal of the wires:

Figures 13 to 15 inclusive, are thread-in diagrams i1 lustrating in each case at the left the thread-in pattern at the particular dent under consideration, and showing diagrammatically at the right the effect of that threadin pattern on the pile projections at or adjoining that dent.

Figure 16 is a thread-in chart showing in vertical columns the situation in eight different dents, showing in the top horizontal column the conventional thread-in diagram for'each dent, and suggesting in the lowerhorizontal' columns the conditions created in the respective warps at difierent weft positions in the various dents. In the relationship'bet'ween one pile projection and another, Figure 16 may be regarded as a plan View, but in the showing of the pile projections it is purely diagrammatic.

Figure 17 is a thread-in diagram showing in horizontal rows 10 different thread-in patterns, and showing in vertical columns the thread-in repeats of various adjoining dents.

Figures 18, 19 and 20 are top plan views of portions'of a blanket" woven with thread-in patterns numbers 1 to 8 of Figure 17, using various wire sets as described in the specification. These views show the face of the carpet in accordance with one aspect of the invention.

Figure 21 is a bottom plan view of the blanket of Figures 18 to 20 inclusive.

- Figures 22, 2 3 and 24 are thread-in diagrams illustrating thread-in diagram simi- 3 at the left the thread=in pattern and at the right the conditions produced at a particular dent, viewed in weave diagrams in which the warpsare in the plane of the paper. Figures 24a, 24b, 24c and 24d are diagrammatic top plan views of pile carpets, useful in explaining the invention. Figures 24a and 24d are illustrations of the prior Figures 25, 26 and 27 are fragmentary perspective views of a velvet loom which has been modified in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 28 is a fragmentary elevation of a pile heddle wire of the character employed in the loom of Figures 25 to 27 and in the weave of Figures 1 to 4 inclusive.

Figure 29 is an elevation, largely diagrammatic, of a heddle harness which may be employed in the modified loom of the invention, illustrating one of the modified heddle cams.

Figure 30 is a diagram showing the active faces of all of the heddle cams in front elevation.

In the drawings like numerals refer to like parts throughout.

In the prior art where it is desired to obtain a pattern without printing or without dyeing certain different lengths of the same yarn different colors, it is usual to employ a jacquard or other selective pattern mechanism. This is expensive not only because of the equipment required, but particularly because comparatively expensive pile yarn must be carried in the back of the fabric at points where his not called for by the pattern, thus greatly increasing the consumption of face yarn. Alsothe jacquard mechanism is comparatively complicated compared to the simple harness cams employed in the present invention. Furthermore, the practical speed in jacquard weaving is only about half the speed which can be attained in the present process. Many of the prior weaves also involve the objectionable feature of producing a comparatively unattractive back of the fabric, since the pile yarn carried in the back is likely toshow through the back and by virtue of its presence creates some non-uniformity in the back of the fabric.

In accordance with the present invention, it is possible to obtain attractive pattern efiects on a velvet loom-without resorting to printing, or to supplement the effects obtained by printing, with. greatly reduced expense over usual selective pattern weaves. At the same time a uniform attractive back of the fabric is secured;

When reference is made herein to velvet carpet, it is intended to include tapestry carpet.

In accordance with the, present invention, a. pattern-pile carpet is obtained on the velvet loom using a plurality of pile warps, with a stufferwarp, binder warps and wefts, without employing a jacquard. The weave may desirably produce a plurality of different kinds of velvet carpet in admixture to secure various pattern effects in the same fabric. For example the pile at various points may be cut or uncut, wavy or straight, high or low, plain twist or frieze, it may have one or a variety ofdiff'erent colors. and it may have a selective-tendency to crowd-or yield in a particular directionto contribute to the pattern effect.

The back of the fabric is entirely smooth, even and clean, since the face yarn is kept entirely at the face and does not travel through the back asin other usual carpet weaves, and does not pass under the back wefts asin the weaves. according to U. S. Patent No.- 2,'013',227. This greatly decreases the cost of producing the fabric of the invention, there being no waste of face yarnin the fabric construction, such as is present in the reverse bends ofthe W weave, or by carrying the face yarn under the stuffer warp as in the familiar selective pattern weaves.

A wide variety of different wires can be. employed as later explained. For example, somewires can bestraight and others can be wavy, some wires can be high and others can be low, some wires can be wide and others can be narrow, and some wires can be cutting and'others' noncutting. Any combination of different characters of pile yarn can be used, varying in twist (plain twist or frieze), ply, composition (wool, rayon, etc.) and color.

The invention is not limited to employment of two different pile warps, any desired number of pile warps being employed, and two pile warps merely being illustrative of the fact that several can be employed. While these pile warps will usually be taken from different beams, where the take-up is equal and especially where the threadin procedure permits, both pile warps can be taken from the same beam, separated by whip rolls before weaving. When reference is made herein to a whip roll, it is intended to include such mechanism, whether or not it may be designated as a jumbo because of its use on a particular warp.

The fact that the face yarn does not pass under the stuffer warps makes additional room available Without thickening the back of the fabric and this can to advantage be used to stiffen the fabric by employing additional stuffer warp ends at each dent.

A wide variety of different thread-in procedures can be employed to give pattern effects. This aspect of the invention can be employed to advantage even where only one pile warp is being used.

The thread-in may vary in different dents, in the number of pile ends per dent, in the employment of cnds-out or blank dents, in the cooperative relationship between an end-in or aplurality of ends-in or an end-out in one pile warp with the end-in or plurality of ends-in or end-out in the corresponding dent of the othc pile Warp or warps, and in the relation of the concentration of pile in each dent with the concentration of pile in adjoining dents and series of dents. Thus, as explained herein, patterns can be designed for a thread-in pile which will give distinctive effects on the appearance of the fabric wholly independently of such factors as the character of the wire and the character of the yarn.

It will be understood, of course, that combinations of differences in the character of the yarn of the various pile warps, differences in the character of the wires and differences in the thread-in can be employed to produce pattern effects which could not be accomplished by differences in one or two of these factors alone.

It is very desirable to accomplish the weave of the invention without increasing the number of heddles normally used on a velvet loom, and this can be done, as explained below, by utilizing the pile warp heddles cooperatively to function as a stufier warp heddle, distributing the stufier warp in a downward direction toward the shed, as from a raised guide roll. It will be understood that the guide roll can also function as a whip roll (or jumbo) in which case. the use of another whip roll will be unnecessary. The heddle wires of the pile warp heddles are desirably equipped with eyes for the pile warps and also long slots below the eyes for the stulfer warp. It will be evident as later explained that the stuffer warp can also be manipulated by a separate heddle.

The invention results in production of a velvet patterned carpet having interwoven binder warps, stuffer warp and front and back wefts, a first pile warp under a succession of first front wefts and all of whose first pile ends rise in the pile immediately between each first front weft and the adjoining front wefts on either side of the first front wefts, and a second pile warp under asuccession of second front wefts, all of whose second pile ends rise in the pile immediately between each second front weft and the adjoining front wefts on either side of the. second front wefts, thepile warp ends being entirely above the back weft and above the stuffer warp ends.

Describing the examples in illustration but not in limitation and referring to the drawings:

Figures 1', 2, 3, 3a; 4 and 4a, illustrate diagrammatically, with the warps extending in the plane of the paper, the preferred embodiment of the weave of the present 

